Tag: mental-health

My Today…

Wow, where do I begin? Today is just like any other day. I grapple with issues that many might consider insignificant. I harbor fears that most people will never comprehend. I carry regrets that linger constantly in the back of my mind. And I question my true purpose in this thing called life.

But today, I realized that today is mine. Today is the day I decide whether to let the struggle consume me or to transform it into something meaningful. And if I choose the latter, what exactly will that “something more” be?

(Written May 2013)

Recognizing PTSD in Formerly Incarcerated Individuals During PTSD Awareness Month

As we observe PTSD Awareness Month this June, it’s essential to shed light on a critical yet often overlooked population: formerly incarcerated individuals. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is not exclusive to veterans and first responders. It also profoundly impacts those who have been through the criminal justice system. The unique intersection of incarceration and trauma presents challenges that require our urgent attention.

The Prevalence of PTSD Among Formerly Incarcerated Individuals

Studies reveal that PTSD is alarmingly common among people who have been incarcerated. According to research published in the Journal of Traumatic Stress, approximately 21% of male inmates and 48% of female inmates meet the criteria for PTSD during their lifetime. These rates are significantly higher than the estimated 6.8% prevalence in the general population.

Factors Contributing to PTSD in Prison Settings

Several factors contribute to the high prevalence of PTSD among the incarcerated population:

  1. Exposure to Violence: Many inmates experience or witness violence, including physical assaults and sexual violence, both inside and outside prison walls.
  2. Pre-Incarceration Trauma: A substantial number of individuals enter the prison system already burdened by past traumas, such as childhood abuse, domestic violence, or community violence.
  3. Inhumane Conditions: Overcrowding, solitary confinement, and inadequate access to healthcare in prisons can exacerbate PTSD symptoms.

The Long-Term Impact of PTSD on Reentry

The transition from incarceration back into society can be fraught with difficulties, and PTSD significantly complicates this process. Symptoms such as flashbacks, severe anxiety, and emotional numbness can hinder the ability to secure employment, maintain relationships, and avoid recidivism. Formerly incarcerated individuals with untreated PTSD are at a higher risk of reoffending, perpetuating a cycle of trauma and incarceration.

Addressing PTSD in Formerly Incarcerated Individuals

To effectively address PTSD among formerly incarcerated individuals, a multi-faceted approach is essential:

  1. Trauma-Informed Care: Prisons and reentry programs should adopt trauma-informed care practices that recognize and respond to the impact of trauma on behavior and mental health.
  2. Access to Mental Health Services: Increasing access to mental health services, both during incarceration and after release, is crucial. This includes counseling, psychiatric care, and peer support programs.
  3. Training for Correctional Staff: Correctional staff should receive training to understand the signs of PTSD and how to respond appropriately to individuals experiencing trauma-related symptoms.
  4. Community Support: Building robust community support systems, including housing, employment assistance, and social services, can provide the stability needed for individuals to manage PTSD symptoms effectively.

Conclusion

During this PTSD Awareness Month, it is vital to recognize and address PTSD in formerly incarcerated individuals. By acknowledging the prevalence of PTSD in this population and implementing comprehensive support systems, we can break the cycle of trauma and incarceration, fostering healthier individuals and safer communities.

References:

  1. Journal of Traumatic Stress: Study on PTSD prevalence in incarcerated populations.
  2. National Institute of Justice: Research on mental health issues in prisons.

For more information, please visit the National Center for PTSD and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA).

Stacey Books is the Director for Persevere in Tennessee, a nonprofit dedicated to providing technology training and support for formerly incarcerated individuals, individuals impacted by the justice system, and those facing barriers to employment. As a formerly incarcerated individual herself, she has personal experience with this form of PTSD and is a strong advocate for trauma-informed care and mental health awareness.

The Family Stigma: How Felony Convictions Affect Loved Ones and Programs That Can Help

Felony convictions carry long-lasting consequences for those directly involved, but they also ripple out, affecting family members in profound ways. The stigma attached to felony convictions can lead to social isolation, financial instability, and emotional distress for families, exacerbating the challenges of reintegration and rehabilitation.

Social Stigma and Isolation

Family members of individuals with felony convictions often face social stigma. According to a study published in Criminal Justice and Behavior, families of incarcerated individuals experience significant social isolation and discrimination. The stigma can lead to reduced social support and increased stress, impacting their mental health and well-being.

Financial Instability

The financial burden on families can be severe. Legal fees, lost income, and the costs associated with maintaining contact with incarcerated loved ones add up. A report by the Prison Policy Initiative found that families of incarcerated individuals can spend over $13,000 per year on costs related to incarceration, including phone calls, travel for visits, and commissary expenses. This financial strain can lead to housing instability and limit opportunities for economic advancement.

Emotional and Psychological Impact

The emotional toll on families is significant. Children of incarcerated parents are particularly vulnerable, experiencing higher rates of anxiety, depression, and behavioral issues. Research by the National Institute of Justice highlights that children with incarcerated parents are six times more likely to end up in the criminal justice system themselves. This cycle of intergenerational trauma underscores the importance of supportive interventions for families.

Barriers to Reintegration

Families play a crucial role in the reintegration of formerly incarcerated individuals. However, the stigma they face can create barriers to providing effective support. Discrimination in housing and employment for individuals with felony convictions extends to their families, who may also be scrutinized by landlords and employers. This collective stigma hampers the reintegration process, increasing the likelihood of recidivism.

Programs in Tennessee Helping to Overcome Stigma

Several programs in Tennessee are dedicated to helping individuals with felony convictions and their families overcome these challenges:

  1. Persevere
  • Tech Alliance: This program provides training in technology and coding, helping individuals gain valuable skills for high-demand jobs, reducing the stigma associated with past convictions.
  • EPIC Youth: Aimed at empowering young people, this program offers educational and vocational training to youth affected by the criminal justice system, fostering positive futures.
  • Families First: This initiative supports families of incarcerated individuals with resources and counseling, helping them navigate the complexities of life during and after incarceration.
  • Website: Persevere
  1. Urban League of Middle Tennessee: This organization offers a range of services, including job training, employment assistance, and advocacy, to help formerly incarcerated individuals and their families reintegrate into society.
  1. Project Return: Focused on providing comprehensive reentry support, Project Return offers employment services, housing assistance, and social support to help individuals successfully transition back into their communities.

Conclusion

The stigma associated with felony convictions extends far beyond the individual, impacting families in ways that can perpetuate cycles of disadvantage. By understanding and addressing these challenges, society can better support the reintegration of formerly incarcerated individuals and promote healthier, more resilient families. Programs like those offered by Persevere, Urban League of Middle Tennessee, and Project Return are critical in breaking down these barriers and providing the necessary support for overcoming stigma.

References

  1. Criminal Justice and Behavior – Study on social stigma and families of incarcerated individuals.
  2. Prison Policy Initiative – Report on the financial burden on families of incarcerated individuals.
  3. National Institute of Justice – Research on the impact of parental incarceration on children.

Addressing family stigma requires collective effort and comprehensive support systems to mitigate these adverse effects and foster positive outcomes for all involved.

Challenges Faced by Executives with Criminal Histories

Individuals with a criminal history often face a myriad of challenges when attempting to reintegrate into society. These difficulties are not confined to lower-level employment or societal interactions but extend to those aiming for or occupying executive positions. Despite having the skills, experience, and qualifications, executives with criminal records encounter unique barriers that can impede their professional advancement and personal growth.

Stigma and Perception

One of the most significant challenges is the persistent stigma attached to having a criminal record. Society tends to view individuals with criminal histories through a lens of mistrust and skepticism, often overshadowing their professional achievements and potential. This stigma is especially pronounced at the executive level, where reputation and public image are paramount. Executives must constantly navigate the delicate balance between transparency and discretion, as any revelation of their past can lead to a loss of trust from stakeholders, colleagues, and clients.

Background Checks

Background checks are a routine part of the hiring and promotion process, particularly for executive positions. While these checks are designed to ensure the integrity and reliability of candidates, they can disproportionately affect those with a criminal history. Even if the criminal offense was minor or occurred many years ago, it can still pose a significant barrier to employment. Many companies have policies that disqualify candidates with certain types of criminal records, regardless of their qualifications or the nature of the offense.

Legal and Regulatory Hurdles

Certain industries and positions have stringent regulatory requirements that can preclude individuals with criminal records from holding executive roles. For example, the financial sector, healthcare, and certain government positions have strict licensing and certification requirements that often exclude individuals with past criminal convictions. These regulations, while intended to protect the public, can also inadvertently hinder the rehabilitation and reintegration of capable professionals.

Limited Opportunities for Advancement

Executives with criminal histories may find their opportunities for career advancement limited. They often face a glass ceiling, where they are overlooked for promotions and high-level positions despite their competence and experience. The fear of potential backlash or negative publicity can lead employers to favor candidates with clean records, perpetuating a cycle of underemployment and career stagnation for those with criminal backgrounds.

Social Isolation

The executive world is heavily reliant on networking and social connections. Executives with criminal histories may find themselves isolated from these crucial networks due to the social stigma associated with their past. This isolation can limit their access to mentorship, sponsorship, and other forms of professional support that are essential for career growth. Additionally, they may feel reluctant to participate in networking events or industry conferences, further hindering their ability to build and maintain professional relationships.

Psychological Impact

The psychological impact of navigating these challenges cannot be overstated. Constantly facing discrimination, rejection, and skepticism can take a toll on an individual’s mental health and self-esteem. Executives with criminal histories may experience heightened stress, anxiety, and depression, which can affect their performance and overall well-being. It is crucial for organizations to provide support and resources to help these individuals cope with the psychological impact of their experiences.

Overcoming the Challenges

Despite these significant obstacles, many executives with criminal histories successfully overcome these challenges and make substantial contributions to their organizations and communities. Key to their success is a combination of personal resilience, supportive networks, and forward-thinking employers who recognize the value of second chances. Organizations can play a pivotal role by implementing fair hiring practices, providing mentorship programs, and fostering inclusive workplace cultures that value diversity and rehabilitation.

In conclusion, while executives with criminal histories face considerable challenges, it is possible to overcome these barriers with the right support and opportunities. By addressing the stigma and implementing fair practices, society can benefit from the unique perspectives and talents that these individuals bring to the table. Ultimately, promoting the successful reintegration of executives with criminal histories is not only a matter of social justice but also a smart business strategy that can enhance organizational diversity and resilience.

Stacey Books